The whole focus of the all-season season is an asymmetric tread, the inner side of which is designed to travel through the snow, and the outer side to drain water and better traction in the rain. The composition of rubber is also important, if hard rubber in summer provides the best grip and less wear, and mild in winter will allow safer to overcome snow-covered and icy tracks, then an all season season with medium hardness will allow you to cope with both types of tracks with half the success.
Asymmetric tires for jeep and passenger cars are as follows:
The outer side, marked Outside, is softer, has a self-cleaning protector consisting of lamella blocks, which is adapted to crush snow;
The inside marked with Inside is tighter, has a large number of bypass grooves and is designed for drainage in the contact patch with the road surface.
The rubber composition is selected so that it does not dube much in winter and does not float too much in summer. At the same time, it is tough enough to wear slowly on a dry summer track and soft enough to feel relatively safe in the snow. However, at low temperatures, an increase in stopping distance and a decrease in traction are observed.
Marking
In the assortment of the store, it is easy to navigate by markings - choose tires and tubes, looking at the inscriptions and drawings on the side edge of the wheel. Tire manufacturers use several marking options: All Seasons (AS), Any Weather (AW), “M & S”, “M + S”. In the case of M & S and M + S, a clarification is needed, as some manufacturers use this abbreviation for summer tires (despite the decoding: Mud (M) - mud, Snow (S) - snow.).
Is it worth buying all season?
Auto tests for major automotive publications annually confirm not the most pleasant fact - the better the tires, the more expensive they are. However, in comparison to all-season, winter velcro and studded tires, winter always benefits. All season shows the following indicators:
34–60% worse on ice than velcro, and 90% worse than studded;
31-82% worse on snow than stickies, and 37-85% worse than studded.
In addition, these tires have a number of disadvantages:
increased noise
increased fuel consumption;
accelerated tire wear;
degraded dynamics.
When should you buy such tires? The choice of all-season tires is determined in the following cases:
the winter in the region is mild, there is little rain, the temperature is above zero;
funds for the purchase of two sets of rubber is not enough;
there is no place to store winter / summer tires;
there is a desire to save on the replacement of rubber in the service;
I want to feel more confident in the offseason (true if there is winter and summer tires in the collection).
Is it possible to repair alloy wheels and how to repair stamping
The cost of a car, or even two, sometimes make a significant dent in the family budget. And because the desire of car owners to repair drives in the event of damage is understandable. Similar services are offered everywhere today, but is everything so simple? Let's find out whether it is possible to restore alloy wheels, and if so, in what ways it is done.
Types of wheels
The degree of damage to the wheel is influenced by two criteria: the type of obstacle that was encountered on rough terrain, and the speed of the car with which it overcame it.
The saying about the fact that if you go quietly, then you will continue, it does not work at all: the disk can be damaged even without moving - something can fly in from the side.
Resistance to mechanical damage depends on the type of discs, which have completely different strength characteristics. There are three technologies by which they are made:
The cheapest and easiest option is steel stamping. In operation, it is quite reliable, but the aesthetic component is not up to par. If the stamped disc is deformed, it means that it is bent. There are no cracks in the steel rim.
Aluminum (alloy) casting. Medium price category, great selection of designs and colors. On impact, it cracks, it is difficult to repair.
Alloy, made by the method of hot forming a heated billet (forging). Forged wheels are more expensive, but also more resistant to shock loads. That is why aircraft chassis and race cars equipped with only such wheels.
For your information: This type of disc has a lower mass and greater resistance to external influences.
Due to the elastic deformation, it compensates a part of the impact force, thereby saving the suspension. Forging has greater strength, but can also bend and break. But for this the force of the blow must be much greater.
Nature of damage
We will understand whether it is possible to repair alloy wheels. Different composition and production technologies endow products with an unequal degree of strength, and naturally, restoring them in one recipe will not work.
The proposals of some workshops to repair casting by welding, to put it mildly, are unprofessional. For steel, welding is an ideal repair method, and simple stamping can be combined into a single whole, even from pieces.
However, it is of great importance from which metal the cast disk is made. It is easier to melt and mold again, because aluminum alloys do not tolerate local heating. They have completely different molecular bonds than steel, the structure of which breaks with increasing temperature and changes the product specifications.